Digital technologies draw a new geography of power, transcending traditional boundaries of Nations. Indeed, Edward Snowden’s revelations confirm to the world the extraordinary conquest methods used by the United States: massive and globalized espionage, in collaboration with Internet giants. A favorable context – and more than that, a certain ambition -, is at work in the United States for fifty years. It combines government, Defense complex, universities and industries.

Nevertheless, the Snowden affair has weakened the reputation and strength of this alliance, challenging the balance of power. In fact, American power is now to the test while private actors, like Google, are continuing their conquest with absolute power targets.

This publication is an extract from the second edition of the "Manuel d'intelligence économique".